Below are Blockchain dictionary definition for frequently-used vocabulary.
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A.
Alternative Cryptocurrency Coins (Altcoins): refer to coins that are an alternative currencies with their own separate Blockchain. The majority of Altcoins are a variant of Bitcoin, built using the open-sourced protocol but presenting an entirely new coin with different features.
B.
Bitcoin: it is the first decentralized peer-to-peer digital currency, that is secured by a network rather than a centralized authority.
Blockchain: it is a decentralized database that stores a series of transactions across a peer-to-peer network. Each transaction is secured through cryptography, and stored in a "block" verified by the participants.
Blockchain: it is a decentralized database that stores a series of transactions across a peer-to-peer network. Each transaction is secured through cryptography, and stored in a "block" verified by the participants.
C.
Consensus protocols: refer to the protocols used by a Blockchain to validate the data across their nodes. At the moment, there are two methods to serialize changes - Proof of Work and Proof of Stake.
Cryptocurrencies: it is a digital asset designed to work in a decentralized network that uses cryptography to secure its transactions.
Cryptocurrencies: it is a digital asset designed to work in a decentralized network that uses cryptography to secure its transactions.
D.
Decentralized Application (Dapps): similar to the applications we use every day, with the exception that they run in a Blockchain network and are executed via smart contracts.
Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO): sometimes labeled as Decentralized Autonomous corporations (DAC), is an entity organized by rules encoded in computer programs called smart contracts.
Digital Signature: it is an element of cryptographic protocol, where the user produce an unique string of code that can be matched with his/her private key and public key.
Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO): sometimes labeled as Decentralized Autonomous corporations (DAC), is an entity organized by rules encoded in computer programs called smart contracts.
Digital Signature: it is an element of cryptographic protocol, where the user produce an unique string of code that can be matched with his/her private key and public key.
E.
Ethereum: it is an open-source, public, Blockchain-based distributed computing platform and operating system. The network uses smart contracts, and "ether" (gas for the network) which is the token that pays for the computing power to execute those contracts.
I.
Initial Coin Offering (ICO): refer a means of crowdfunding centered around cryptocurrency. A quantity of the crowdfunded cryptocurrency is preallocated to investors in the form of tokens, in exchange for legal or other cryptocurrency. These tokens become functional units of currency for the project.
L.
Legal Tender: is a medium of payment recognized by a legal system to be valid for meeting a financial obligation.
M.
Miner / Mining: miners are rewarded for validating the state of the Blockchain, the process of mining refer to the aggregation of the nodes of transactions to form a Block.
P.
Permission-less / Permission-ed Blockchains: basically we can distinguish between private and public network. The general difference is that with permission-ed Blockchains you can create a barrier to access and delineate who can run a full node of network. (Example: similar to the difference between Intranet and Internet.
Proof of Stake (PoS): is a type of algorithm by which a Blockchain network aims to achieve distributed Consensus. Miners or validators put up a stake in return for the right to help validate the transactions and received a reward.
Proof of Work (PoW): is the most utilized Consensus protocols for a Blockchain. It is an algorithm that help validate the transactions on the network. Usually processing time by a computer.
Proof of Stake (PoS): is a type of algorithm by which a Blockchain network aims to achieve distributed Consensus. Miners or validators put up a stake in return for the right to help validate the transactions and received a reward.
Proof of Work (PoW): is the most utilized Consensus protocols for a Blockchain. It is an algorithm that help validate the transactions on the network. Usually processing time by a computer.
S.
Smart Contract: it is a small computer software that runs on Blockchain, intended to digitally facilitate, verify or enforce the negotiation or performance of a contract.
T.
Token: it is a representation of a particular asset or utility , that usually resides on top of another Blockchain. Tokens can represent any assets that are fungible and tradeable, from commodities to loyalty points to other cryptocurrencies.